Preface
Contents
Introduction
1.Pitcher
Plants
2.Cobra
Plant
3.Sundews
4.Venus'
Flytrap
5.Butterworts
6.Bladderworts
References
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Pitcher Plants
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Pollinator/Prey Dilemma --
Soap Box 1
In some pitcher plants, however, the temporal separation
is not so obvious. In fact, a normal form of S. minor, for one, generally
produces new leaves in tandem with its flowers. In early May in Georgia, yellow
flowers are seen among many active pitcher leaves of the new season. This
species is an exception also among pitcher plants regarding the flowering in one
more aspect: The scape is shorter than the average height of the pitcher
leaves. The pitcher opening of this species, incidentally, has a well-developed,
domed hood covering the mouth. Unlike the majority of pitcher plant species,
this makes the pitcher opening facing downward -- toward
the blooming flowers down below. The hood portion of this species has a red
inner lining which, when viewed looking up from down under, produces a brilliant
red hue against the bright sky. When the pollinator, after servicing the flower,
comes out of the pendulous flower in preparation for flight, and looks up, what
it sees are seductive, bright red openings scattered just above against the blue
sky. Could it be that the grand scheme of things for this species is to have-a-cake-and-eat-it-too?
Another species which seems to violate the temporal
separation is S. oreophila, a species confined to several small locals in
the northern Alabama. This species often produces pitcher leaves of the new
season prior to the blossom that typically occurs in early May in their natural
habitats.
Although majority of other species delay their pitcher
production until the fertilization of the flower is presumably complete,
visitors traveling through the savanna of the southeastern US in the early May
often find new leaves of the season sprouting out in mass among still attractive
flowers, often with all colorful petals still intact. (This is true in species
like S. leucophyla.)
The spatial separation, in the case of regular erect leaf
species, may offer little protection for pollinators after all, since the
flowers are positioned generally only a slightly higher, just above the
pitcher leaf openings, if active leaves are available at the time of flower. For
some curious reason, as in the case of S. minor above, the flower is
always positioned in the direction of pitcher openings! The flower, already
fertilized or not, may offer convenient resting place before venturing into the
pitcher openings just below, or above.
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